Orchard-furrower.



L. W. GUSHMAN.

ORCHARD FURROWER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 6, 1914.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1 llll . N v i. A

Patented Mar. 9, 1915.

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THE NORRIS PETERS CO.. PHOTC-LITHD" WASHINGTON, D C

L. W. GUSHMAN.

ORCHARD FURROWER. APPLIGATION FILED JAN. 6, 19174v 1,1 30,963. PatentedMar. 9, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NORRIS PETERS CO PHOTO-LITHO. WASHINGTON, D C.

. shown at 1, the

FFICE.

LYSANDER W. CUSHMAN, OF ONTARIO, CALIFORNIA.

ORCHARD-FURROWER.

Specification of Letters I E'atent.

Patented Mar. 9, 1915.

Application filed January 6, 1914. Serial No. 810,667.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, LYSANDER W. Guss- MAN, acitizen of the United States, and resident of Ontario, in the county ofSan Bernardino and State of California, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Orchard-Furrowers, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to machines for furrowing the soil, and moreparticularly to machines for furrowing orange orchards preparatory toirrigating them; and consists in the improvements hereinafter describedand pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate one embodiment of theinvention,-Figure 1 is a perspective view of an orchard furrowercontaining my invention; Fig. 2 is a perspective view in detail of oneof the scraper members hereinafter described in reversed position; andFigs. 3 and a are diagrammatic views illustrating certain arrangementsof furrows which it is possible to make with my invention.

The furrower, as herein shown, comprises a two-wheeled carriage adaptedto be drawn by two horses. The axle of the carriage is wheels at 2, andthe tongue or pole at 3. The pole 3 is secured to the middle of theaxle, and a frame member at is fastened to the pole in front of the axleand constitutes one of the fixed parts of the carriage frame, on whichthe working parts are mounted. A platform or floor on which the driverstands, should be supported on the axle 1 and the rear end of pole 3,but as this platform constitutes no part of the invention, it is omittedfrom the drawings in order more clearly to disclose the other parts.Rigidly mounted on the axle is a guard rail 5 against which the drivermay lean or on which he may sit. From his position in front of rail 5the driver can manipulate the levers and pedals by which the furrowingdevices are controlled.

The furrowing devices consist of two identical side furrowing shovels Aand C, and the scraper shovel B, which is of sub stantially the lengthof the distance between the shovels A and C. The shovel C is carried bya downwardly extending arm 6, on a rectangular frame 7, which is pivotedat its forward end to frame member 4:, at 8 and 9. The shovel A iscarried by a similar pivoted frame 10 at the other side of the machineat 8 and 9. Each side shovel frame,

A of the carriage,

7 and 10, has secured to it an operating frame, consisting of members11, 12 and 13. Coil springs S, 5, connecting the lower ends of members12 with the front frame member normally hold the said pivoted frames 7and 10 down against the axle, and the shovels. A and 0 down in operativeposition in the ground. At the ront ends of the members 13 of theoperating frames are hand levers A and G for operating the shovels A andC,respectively. These hand levers may be provided with the usual pawcooperating with a notched segment, to hold the levers in their severalpositions of adjustment.

The middle scraper shovel B is carried by a frame, consisting of twoframe members 14 and 15, each pivoted to the carriage frame 4, betweenthe pivoted frames which carry the shovels A and C. Said frame membersit and 15 are provided with downwardly extending arms 16 and 17, towhich the scraper shovel B is fastened by means of bolts 6 passingthrough corresponding holes 5 in the scrapen, Leaf springs S, S, secured to the carriage frame a, normally hold the frame members l t and15 in elevated position, as shown, thereby holding the scraper shovel Bclear of the ground, in inoperative position. Each frame 14 and 15, isconnected by a link 18, with an operating bar 19, and each operating bar19 is pivoted at 20 to a bracket on the under side of the axle 1, andthence extends forward, and is made with an upwardly extending pedal arm21 at its front end. The pedalarms 21, 21, are connected by a pedal barB which is detachably mounted by ordinary bolts on the arms 21, 21.

The scraper shovel B is made in two sec tions, the line of divisionbeing shown at 22. "When in the position shown in Fig. l the two shovelsections present a continuous, straight operating edge from end to end.Said shovel sections are each made with a relatively short scraping edgeB and said sections are removably attached to their respectivesupporting arms 16 and 17, by means of bolts Z) passing through holes 6By detaching said shovel sections, and reversing them end for end andtop for bottom, with the shorter scraping edges downward, as shown inFig. 2, the shorter scraping edges B will stand at the right and left ofthe machine, and external laterally outward from the furrowing shovels Aand C respectively. When the scraper shovel sec ions are juxtaposed inthe position shown in Fig. 1, with the pedal bar 15 secured :inposition, the frame members 1% and 15 and the scraper shovel B may beoperated as a single part by pedal B. Then the scraper shovel sectionsare reversed as shown in Fig. 2, and the pedal bar 13 removed, the twoframe members 1% and 15, and the two scraper shovel sections may beoperated independently by the two pedal arms '21 and 21. 1t will thus beseen that the furrowing shovels A and U and the scraper shovel B, arecarried respectively by independent frames, each having its individualoperating device, and that the scraper shovel l) together with its frameand operating device, may be divided into two independently operatedparts. It will be seen further that the furrowing shovels A and O arenormally held down in the earth in operative position by means of sprins, and may be lifted to inoperative position by hand levers A and C,while the scraper shovel B is normally held clear of the earth ininoperative position by means of springs and may be forced downward intooperative position by the pedal B,or pedal arms 21 and 21 when thescraper shovel sections are separated and reversed as described.

The operation of the machine may best be explained in connection withFigs. 3 and l. In furrowing out an orchard, cross furrows are first madeat right angles to the flow of the water, between the rows of trees.Such cross furrows are shown in Fig. 3. The machine is driven in thedirection of the horizontal arrows, and the cross furrows a and c aremade by the furrowing shovels A and C respectively. At the prop-erpoints between trees the scraper shovel B is momentarily depressed bythe operator, by means of pedal B, and the connecting furrows b areformed. W hen the required number of cross furrows and their connectingfurrows have been made in the manner shown in Fig. 8, the main furrowsfrom the upper to the lower side of the orchard are made, as shown at aand 0 on Fig. d. For this purpose the pedal bar 13 is removed, and thescraper shovel l3 separated into its two parts. which are reversed inthe manner already explained and secured to the supporting arms 16 and17 in the position illustrated in Fig. 2. The machine is driven in thedirection of the ertical arrows and the shovels A and C make the furrowsa and 0. hen the shovel A. reaches the cross furrows a already made, itis lifted out of the ground by hand lever A at the point w, at a tocontinue the furrow a. Simultaneously with the raising of shovel A, theoperator momentarily depresses the left hand scraper shovel B bydepressing the left hand pedal arm. 21, and said scraper and depressedagain shovel B enters the cross furrow a and. clears it of the smallearth ridge or dam made by shovel A at the point where it entered thefurrow a at w. During this opera tion the shovel 0 remains in the groundforming the furrow c, passing by the adjacent connecting furrow b. Theridge of earth turned up bythe shovel C effectually separates the furrow.0 from the furrows a, b, c. When the shovel (3 reaches :cross furrow 0at the pointy, it is lifted out of the earth by lever C, and againdepressed at 3 to continue the furrow 0, while the shovel A remains inthe earth, as already explained in connection with shovel G during theoperation of shovel A at the points 05 and a1. Simultaneously with theraising of shovel C at the-point y, the right hand scraper shovel B isdepressed to clear'the furrow 0 at the right of the point 1 Inth ismanner the whole'orchard may be prepared for irrigation by furrowsarranged as shown in solid lines in Fig. 4, through which water willflow from the upper to the lower. side of the orchard.

it will be understood that the machine will make furrows in otherpositions and relative arrangements than those shown in the drawings,but the furrowing method above described will sufficiently indicate themode of operation of the machine and itscapacity for speedily andaccurately making furrows of desired form.

With my machine, as the furrowing and scraping shovels are carriedby'separate and independent frames, each is capable of independentaction without interfering with any other part of the machine. Anyfurrow may be begun or discontinued at any place by lowering or rai singthe shovelwithout stopping the machine or interfering with any otherfurrowing. tool, thereby making." it possible to break or interrupt anyfurrow without first making a continuous furrow and then damming orfilling it up at the place where it is to be interrupted. The ma hineoperates equally well whether the cross furrows and main furrowsintersect at right angles or obliquely. Ridges of earth the intersectionof cross and main furrows may be cleared out the instant they areformed, and the furrowing is completed and left in. perfect and finishedcondition without driving more than once over the same course.

I claim:

1. In a furrower, a carriage, two side furrowing shovels, and a scrapershovel located in a line substantially between said furrowing shovelsthe length of the scraper shovel being substantially equal to thedistance .between the 'furrowing shovels, said several shovels beingmovable up and down indeoperate said shovels individually.

2. In a furrower, a carriage, two side furrowing shovels and a scrapershovel, said several shovels being movable up and down independently ofone another, means normally and yieldingly to hold said furrowingshovels downward in operative position, means normally and yieldingly tohold said scraper shovel upward in inoperative position, and means tooperate said shovels individually.

3. In a furrower, a carriage, two side furrowing shovels and a scrapershovel, said several shovels being movable up and down independently ofone another, independent hand levers to operate said furrowing shovels,and a foot pedal to operate said scraper shovel.

4. In a furrower, a carriage, two side furrowing shovels, and twoscraper shovels eX- tending outward to the right and left from thefurrowing shovels respectively, separate frames on which said severalshovels are supported, said frames being independently and movablymounted on the carriage, and means to move said frames individually toraise and lower said shovels independently of one another.

5. In a furrower, a carriage, two side furrowing shovels carried onseparate independently movable frames mounted on the carriage, a scrapershovel made in two sections, and means to operate said two sections ofthe scraper shovel together as one part, or independently, at the willof the operator.

6. In a furrower, a carriage, two side furrowing shovels carried onseparate independently movable frames mounted 011 the carriage, ascraper shovel made in two sections removably secured respectively totwo movable frame members mounted on the car riage, each scraper sectionhaving a relatively long scraping edge on one side and a relativelyshort scraping edge on the other side, said two scraper sections whenjuxtaposed end to end with their longer scraping edges downward formingtogether a continuous scraper shovel, and when reversed with theirshorter scraping edges downward forming two separate scraper shovels.

7. In a furrower, a carriage, two side furrowing shovels carried onseparate independently movable frames mounted on the carriage, a scrapershovel made in two sections removably secured respectively to twomovable frame members mounted on the carriage, each scraper sectionhaving a relatively long scraping edge on one side and a relativelyshort scraping edge on the other side, said two scraper sections whenjuxtaposed end to end with their longer scraping edges downward formingtogether a continuous scraper shovel, and when reversed with theirshorter scraping edge downward forming two separate scraper shovels, andmeans to operate said two scraper sections together as one part, orindependently, at the will of the operator.

8. In a furrower, a carriage, two side furrowing shovels carried onseparate independently movable frames mounted on the carriage, a scrapershovel made in two sections removably secured respectively to twomovable frame members mounted on the carriage, each scraper sectionhaving a relatively long scraping edge on one side and a relativelyshort scraping edge on the other side, said two scraper sections whenjuxtaposed encl to end with their longer scraping edges downward formingtogether a continuous scraper shovel, and when reversed with theirshorter scraping edges downward forming two separate scraper shovels, aremovable pedal common to the two frame members which carry the twoscraper sections for operating said two frame members and scrapershovels together as one part, and means when the pedal is removed tooperate said two frame members and their respective scraper sectionsindependently.

9. In a furrower, a carriage, two side furrowing shovels carried onseparate independently movable frames mounted on the carriage, a scrapershovel made in two sections removably secured respectively to twomovable frame members mounted on the carriage, each scraper sectionhaving a relatively long scraping edge on one side and a relativelyshort scraping edge on the other side, said two scraper sections whenjuxtaposed end to end with their long scraping edges downward formingtogether a continuous scraper shovel, and when reversed with theirshorter scraping edge downward forming two separate scraper shovelsextending laterally from the outer sides of the furrowing shovels, andmeans to operate said two scraper sections together as one part, orindependently, at the will of the operator.

Signed by me at Ontario, California, this nineteenth day of December,1913.

LYSANDER W'. CUSHMAN.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM M. HART, RICHARD H. LEEWIN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

